The group was headed by the ex-President of India Shri V.V. Giri and comprised of some of the biggest names in academia.
Over the years ISLE has organised and hosted several workshops, seminars and training programmes to this end – the most prominant of these, the ISLE Annual conference has been held in an unbroken chain for the last 60 years.
ISLE also brings out the much respected Indian Journal of Labour Economics and brings out numerous other publications related to the study of Labour Economics.

ISLE Annual Conference
The Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE) annual conference is a unique occasion of bonhomie, camaraderie and sharing of knowledge and experiences, which all the members of the Society eagerly look forward… +
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Making India Child Labour Free: A Memorial Volume for Preet Rustagi & Varsha Joshi
Edited by Ritu Dewan and Dev Nathan
A key point in Preet’s analysis is that of the importance of including those children, mainly girls, who are neither at school nor in employment, as being part of child labour carrying out unpaid care work.
Varsha’s contribution stresses the importance of dealing with not just the demand for child labour from enterprises but also ending the supply of child labour from poor and vulnerable households.








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The Ultimate Guide to Car Rental in Dubai: Everything You Need to Know
The Ultimate Guide to Car Rental in Dubai: Everything You Need to Know
Dubai, the glittering gem of the United Arab Emirates, is a city that epitomizes luxury, innovation, and adventure. From its towering skyscrapers to its sprawling deserts, Dubai offers a unique blend of modernity and tradition. Whether you’re a tourist exploring the city’s iconic landmarks or a business traveler attending meetings, having a reliable mode of transportation is essential. This is where car rental services in Dubai come into play.
In this comprehensive guide, we’ll delve into everything you need to know about renting a car in Dubai. From the benefits of renting a car to the types of vehicles available, the legal requirements, and tips for a seamless experience, this blog will serve as your go-to resource for car rental in Dubai.
Why Rent a Car in Dubai?
1. Freedom and Flexibility
One of the most significant advantages of renting a car in Dubai is the freedom it offers. Public transportation in Dubai is efficient, but it may not always take you to your desired destination, especially if you’re planning to explore off-the-beaten-path locations. With a rental car, you can create your own itinerary, travel at your own pace, and explore the city and its surroundings without any constraints.
2. Cost-Effective
Contrary to popular belief, renting a car in Dubai can be cost-effective, especially if you’re traveling with a group or family. Instead of relying on taxis or ride-hailing services, which can add up quickly, a rental car allows you to split the cost among passengers, making it a more economical option.
3. Convenience
Dubai is a sprawling city with attractions spread out across different areas. Having a rental car means you won’t have to wait for public transport or deal with the hassle of finding a taxi. You can easily navigate the city’s well-maintained roads and highways, making your trip more convenient and enjoyable.
4. Explore Beyond Dubai
While Dubai itself has plenty to offer, renting a car opens up the possibility of exploring neighboring emirates like Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, and Ras Al Khaimah. You can embark on road trips to discover the UAE’s diverse landscapes, from pristine beaches to majestic mountains and vast deserts.
Types of Cars Available for Rent in Dubai
Dubai’s car rental market is incredibly diverse, catering to a wide range of preferences and budgets. Whether you’re looking for a compact car for city driving or a luxury vehicle to make a statement, you’ll find plenty of options to choose from.
1. Economy Cars
If you’re on a budget or simply need a car for short distances, economy cars are an excellent choice. These compact vehicles are fuel-efficient, easy to maneuver, and perfect for navigating Dubai’s busy streets. Popular models include the Toyota Yaris, Nissan Micra, and Hyundai Accent.
2. Sedans
Sedans are a popular choice for both tourists and business travelers. They offer a balance of comfort, space, and performance, making them ideal for city driving and longer trips. Common sedan models available for rent in Dubai include the Toyota Camry, Honda Accord, and Nissan Altima.
3. SUVs and Crossovers
For those who prefer a more robust vehicle, SUVs and crossovers are a great option. These vehicles are perfect for families or groups, offering ample space for passengers and luggage. They’re also well-suited for off-road adventures in the desert. Popular SUV models include the Toyota Fortuner, Nissan Patrol, and Ford Explorer.
4. Luxury Cars
Dubai is synonymous with luxury, and renting a high-end car is a fantastic way to experience the city in style. From sleek sports cars to opulent sedans, Dubai’s car rental market offers a wide range of luxury vehicles. Some of the most sought-after models include the BMW 7 Series, Mercedes-Benz S-Class, and Audi A8.
5. Sports Cars
For those who want to make a statement, renting a sports car in Dubai is a must. The city’s smooth roads and scenic drives provide the perfect backdrop for cruising in a high-performance vehicle. Popular sports car models available for rent include the Porsche 911, Lamborghini Huracán, and Ferrari 488.
6. Exotic and Supercars
Dubai is known for its love of exotic and supercars, and renting one is an experience like no other. Whether it’s a Lamborghini Aventador, Bugatti Veyron, or Rolls-Royce Phantom, driving one of these iconic vehicles through Dubai’s streets is sure to turn heads.
7. Electric and Hybrid Cars
As sustainability becomes increasingly important, many car rental companies in Dubai are offering electric and hybrid vehicles. These eco-friendly options are perfect for environmentally conscious travelers who want to reduce their carbon footprint. Popular models include the Tesla Model S, Toyota Prius, and Nissan Leaf.
Legal Requirements for Renting a Car in Dubai
Before you hit the road in Dubai, it’s essential to understand the legal requirements for renting a car. Here’s what you need to know:
1. Driver’s License
To rent a car in Dubai, you must have a valid driver’s license. If you’re a tourist, an international driver’s license is generally accepted, but it’s always a good idea to check with the rental company beforehand. UAE residents must have a valid UAE driver’s license.
2. Age Requirements
The minimum age for renting a car in Dubai is typically 21 years old, although some rental companies may require drivers to be at least 25 years old, especially for luxury or high-performance vehicles. Additionally, drivers under the age of 25 may be subject to a young driver surcharge.
3. Insurance
Car rental companies in Dubai are required to provide basic insurance coverage, which includes third-party liability. However, this coverage may not be sufficient in case of an accident or damage to the rental car. It’s highly recommended to purchase additional insurance, such as collision damage waiver (CDW) or loss damage waiver (LDW), to protect yourself from potential financial liabilities.
4. Credit Card
Most car rental companies in Dubai require a credit card for the security deposit. The deposit amount varies depending on the type of vehicle and the rental duration. Debit cards are generally not accepted for the deposit, so make sure you have a valid credit card with sufficient credit limit.
5. Traffic Rules and Regulations
Dubai has strict traffic rules and regulations, and it’s crucial to familiarize yourself with them before driving. Some important rules to keep in mind include:
- Speed Limits: Speed limits are strictly enforced, and exceeding them can result in hefty fines. The standard speed limit on highways is 120 km/h, while in urban areas, it ranges from 60 to 80 km/h.
- Seat Belts: Wearing seat belts is mandatory for all passengers, and failure to do so can result in fines.
- Mobile Phones: Using a mobile phone while driving is prohibited unless you have a hands-free system.
- Drinking and Driving: Dubai has a zero-tolerance policy for drinking and driving. Even a small amount of alcohol in your system can lead to severe penalties, including imprisonment.
Tips for Renting a Car in Dubai
To ensure a smooth and hassle-free car rental experience in Dubai, here are some valuable tips to keep in mind:
1. Book in Advance
Dubai is a popular tourist destination, and car rental demand can be high, especially during peak seasons. To secure the best rates and availability, it’s advisable to book your rental car in advance. Many car rental companies offer online booking platforms, making it easy to compare prices and reserve your vehicle.
2. Compare Prices
With numerous car rental companies operating in Dubai, it’s worth taking the time to compare prices and services. Look for deals, discounts, and promotions that may be available, especially if you’re planning a long-term rental. Keep in mind that the cheapest option may not always be the best, so consider factors like vehicle condition, customer reviews, and included services.
3. Inspect the Vehicle
Before driving off, thoroughly inspect the rental car for any existing damage, such as scratches, dents, or mechanical issues. Make sure to document any issues and inform the rental company to avoid being held responsible for pre-existing damage. Taking photos or videos of the car’s condition can serve as evidence in case of disputes.
4. Understand the Rental Agreement
Carefully read and understand the terms and conditions of the rental agreement before signing. Pay attention to details like the rental duration, mileage limits, fuel policy, and any additional fees or charges. If you have any questions or concerns, don’t hesitate to ask the rental company for clarification.
5. Fuel Policy
Most car rental companies in Dubai operate on a “full-to-full” fuel policy, meaning you’ll receive the car with a full tank of fuel and are expected to return it with a full tank as well. Failing to do so may result in additional charges at a higher rate than local fuel prices. Plan your refueling accordingly to avoid unnecessary expenses.
6. GPS and Navigation
While Dubai’s roads are well-signposted, having a GPS or navigation system can be incredibly helpful, especially if you’re unfamiliar with the city. Some rental companies offer GPS devices as an add-on service, or you can use smartphone apps like Google Maps or Waze for navigation.
7. Parking
Dubai has ample parking facilities, but it’s essential to be aware of parking rules and regulations. Paid parking zones are common in busy areas, and parking fees can be paid through parking meters or mobile apps. Always park in designated areas to avoid fines or towing.
8. Emergency Contacts
In case of an emergency or breakdown, make sure you have the contact information for the rental company’s roadside assistance service. Most reputable car rental companies in Dubai offer 24/7 support, so you can get help whenever you need it.
Top Car Rental Companies in Dubai
Dubai is home to a wide range of car rental companies, from international brands to local providers. Here are some of the top car rental companies in Dubai that you can consider:
1. Hertz
Hertz is a globally recognized car rental brand with a strong presence in Dubai. They offer a wide selection of vehicles, from economy cars to luxury models, and provide excellent customer service. Hertz also offers convenient pick-up and drop-off locations, including at Dubai International Airport.
2. Avis
Avis is another well-known international car rental company operating in Dubai. They have a diverse fleet of vehicles, including sedans, SUVs, and luxury cars. Avis is known for its competitive pricing and flexible rental options, making it a popular choice among travelers.
3. Europcar
Europcar is a trusted name in the car rental industry, offering a wide range of vehicles to suit different needs and budgets. They have multiple locations across Dubai, including at the airport, and provide additional services like GPS rental and child seats.
4. Thrifty
Thrifty is a budget-friendly car rental company that offers affordable rates without compromising on quality. They have a variety of vehicles available, from compact cars to SUVs, and provide excellent customer service. Thrifty is a great option for travelers looking for value for money.
5. Diamondlease
Diamondlease is a leading car rental company in Dubai, known for its extensive fleet of vehicles and exceptional service. They offer a wide range of options, including luxury cars, sports cars, and electric vehicles. Diamondlease also provides long-term rental solutions for residents and businesses.
6. Sixt
Sixt is a premium car rental company that offers a luxurious driving experience in Dubai. They have a impressive fleet of high-end vehicles, including sports cars and exotic models. Sixt is known for its top-notch service and convenient rental process.
7. Budget
As the name suggests, Budget is a car rental company that focuses on providing affordable options for travelers. They have a wide selection of vehicles, from economy cars to SUVs, and offer competitive rates. Budget is a reliable choice for those looking for cost-effective rental solutions.
Exploring Dubai by Car: Must-Visit Destinations
With your rental car ready, it’s time to explore the best that Dubai has to offer. Here are some must-visit destinations that you can easily reach by car:
1. Burj Khalifa
No trip to Dubai is complete without visiting the iconic Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world. Drive to Downtown Dubai and marvel at this architectural masterpiece. You can also visit the Dubai Mall, which is located nearby, for some shopping and entertainment.
2. Palm Jumeirah
Palm Jumeirah is a man-made island that resembles a palm tree and is home to some of Dubai’s most luxurious hotels and resorts. Take a drive along the crescent of the island and enjoy stunning views of the Arabian Gulf.
3. Dubai Marina
Dubai Marina is a vibrant waterfront district known for its skyscrapers, yachts, and lively atmosphere. Drive along the marina and stop at one of the many restaurants or cafes for a meal with a view.
4. Jumeirah Beach
Jumeirah Beach is one of Dubai’s most popular beaches, offering pristine sands and crystal-clear waters. It’s a great spot to relax, swim, or enjoy water sports. There’s ample parking available, making it easy to access by car.
5. Desert Safari
A desert safari is a must-do experience in Dubai, and having a rental car gives you the flexibility to join a tour or explore the desert on your own. Drive to the outskirts of the city and experience the thrill of dune bashing, camel riding, and traditional Bedouin hospitality.
6. Hatta
For a change of scenery, take a road trip to Hatta, a picturesque enclave located in the Hajar Mountains. The drive to Hatta is scenic, and once you arrive, you can explore attractions like Hatta Dam, Hatta Heritage Village, and the surrounding mountain trails.
7. Abu Dhabi
If you have the time, consider driving to Abu Dhabi, the capital of the UAE. The drive takes about 1.5 to 2 hours, and along the way, you can visit attractions like the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque, Ferrari World, and Yas Island.
Conclusion
Renting a car in Dubai is a convenient, cost-effective, and enjoyable way to explore this dynamic city and its surroundings. With a wide range of vehicles to choose from, competitive pricing, and excellent road infrastructure, car rental in Dubai offers unparalleled freedom and flexibility.
By understanding the legal requirements, comparing rental options, and following the tips outlined in this guide, you can ensure a seamless and stress-free car rental experience. Whether you’re cruising down Sheikh Zayed Road in a luxury sedan or embarking on a desert adventure in an SUV, renting a car in Dubai will undoubtedly enhance your travel experience. Read more rent a car dubai at website articles
So, the next time you find yourself in this dazzling city, consider renting a car and embarking on your own Dubai adventure. The open road awaits, and with it, the promise of unforgettable memories and experiences. Safe travels!
Top 10 Interesting Facts About Online Casinos
Over the last 20 years, online casinos have become incredibly popular, and it is now one of the most profitable industries in the world.
Casinos are portrayed as glamorous, and some of the most famous films in the world are set in Las Vegas. From the Ocean’s 11 series to James Bond there is a distinct mystery attached to this setting, but how does that translate when it comes to online casinos? Well, in reality, there is no such thing as a dress code in an online casino, and you are more likely to find players in their pyjamas code up on the sofa merrily clicking away on slot machines. However, there are some fascinating facts about online casinos and here are ten of those that we think are the best.
1.Here Come the Boys
Online casino gamblers are predominantly male. It is considered that about 11% of those people who access the Internet actively use gambling websites. Annual statistics say that over 80% of the people in the online casinos are going to be male. Of course, this does incorporate all forms of Internet gambling, so betting is also included. Another interesting fact is that gamblers tend to be over the age of 30 years, and this serves them well because gambling problems are predominantly in the younger male gambler who is 7.5 times more likely to become addicted and have a financial crisis than their female counterparts.
2. The Devil’s Game?
You may not know this, but roulette is nicknamed the Devils game, and the reason behind it is quite intriguing. If you add up all the numbers shown on the wheel, the total is 666 which is also thought to be the number of the beast. Now that’s a bit scary! But, don’t let that put you off because as it goes roulette is statistically one of the best games for actually standing a chance of winning. If you bet on black, for example, you have a 50/50 chance of winning – almost – although the odds are relatively low, so you don’t win much money. We say it’s nearly 50/50 because the English roulette wheel has a 0, and the American roulette wheel has a 0 and a 00 which slightly skewed the odds away from being 50/50.
3. How Old?
Although it took several years before it became viral, and in the last five years, popularity has rocketed online casinos are almost as old as the Internet. The Internet was first created as we used it in 1991, and micro gaming, one of the biggest online gaming providers launched a site called the gaming club in 1994. Of course, since then graphics have moved on massively, and the games are slick, professional and nothing like these original clunky versions. With the advent of virtual reality and augmented reality, we can expect to see even more developments and this, in turn, could see online casinos becoming even more popular.
4. Lots of Slots
Thought machines or the one-armed bandit as they were nicknamed way back in the era when you pulled a single lever are now almost exclusively played online. Over 90% of slot game gambling takes place on the Internet. You will, of course, find machines dotted around here and there but online is where it’s happening.
5. Casinos Never Sleep
The thing about online casinos is they don’t require actual staff. Most of the games are automated and do not require a croupier. So, at any one time, it is estimated that for every ten users accessing the Internet one of them is gambling.
6. Slots – Again!
Not only are slots almost exclusively played online these days, but they are also the most popular game. Perhaps the rules of table games such as roulette and craps are too hard to get the hang of or maybe people just like the mindless fun after a long day in the office. But whatever the reason slots are by far and away the most popular games to play.
7. Only Online
In some countries, you can only gamble when you use the Internet. There are no casinos, and you must not be caught gambling in person, or you can be arrested, and fined. Monaco is this place. Ironically Monaco figures larger than life in casino history, but they have changed their mind, and nowadays you can only do it online.
8. Heavily Restricted
New Jersey is an interesting place when it comes to gambling; it was banned there until quite recently. Now although it is legal, there are massive restrictions on which games can and cannot be played both in bricks and mortar and online casinos.
9. Crazy Money
Big money is possible, in 2015 a player who was sat at home in his living room in Cardiff bet 25p on the slot machines and went on to win £13.2 million which is the current world record for slot machine wins. The biggest casino win was for a player who had joined the casino for the first time and spent just 30 minutes playing games before he scooped a whopping 17.8 million euros.
10. But Wait
Okay before you all rush to your computer to try and scoop some massive prizes one last fact, and a word of warning. In Italy, a customer bet £18 and his winning was £650,000, but the owners of the casino refused to pay up as they said it was a technical glitch. He did take them to court, but the small print stated computer error would equal no winnings, and he lost. Read about skycrown no deposit bonus codes at website
Topp 10 intressanta fakta om onlinekasinon
Under de senaste 20 åren har onlinekasinon blivit otroligt populära, och det är nu en av de mest lönsamma industrierna i världen.
Kasinon framställs som glamorösa, och några av de mest kända filmerna i världen utspelar sig i Las Vegas. Från Ocean’s 11-serien till James Bond finns det ett distinkt mysterium kopplat till denna inställning, men hur översätts det när det kommer till onlinekasinon? Tja, i verkligheten finns det inget som heter en klädkod på ett onlinecasino, och det är mer sannolikt att du hittar spelare i sin pyjamaskod uppe i soffan som glatt klickar iväg på spelautomater.Det finns dock några fascinerande fakta om onlinekasinon och här är tio av dem som vi tycker är bäst.
1. Här kommer pojkarna
Onlinekasinospelare är övervägande män. Det anses att cirka 11 % av de människor som använder internet aktivt använder spelwebbplatser. Årlig statistik säger att över 80 % av människorna på onlinekasinon kommer att vara män. Naturligtvis inkluderar detta alla former av internetspel, så vadslagning ingår också. Ett annat intressant faktum är att spelare tenderar att vara över 30 år, och detta tjänar dem väl eftersom spelproblem främst finns hos den yngre manliga spelare som har 7,5 gånger större risk att bli beroende och ha en finansiell kris än sina kvinnliga motsvarigheter.
2. Djävulens spel?
Du kanske inte vet detta, men roulette heter smeknamnet Devils-spelet och anledningen bakom det är ganska spännande. Om du lägger ihop alla siffror som visas på hjulet blir summan 666 vilket också anses vara bestens nummer. Nu är det lite läskigt! Men låt inte det avskräcka dig eftersom roulette är statistiskt sett ett av de bästa spelen för att faktiskt ha en chans att vinna. Om du till exempel satsar på svart har du 50/50 chans att vinna – nästan – även om oddsen är relativt låga, så du vinner inte mycket pengar. Vi säger att det är nästan 50/50 eftersom det engelska roulettehjulet har en 0, och det amerikanska roulettehjulet har en 0 och en 00, vilket förvrängde oddsen något från att vara 50/50.
3. Hur gammal?
Även om det tog flera år innan det blev viralt, och under de senaste fem åren har populariteten skjutit i höjden att onlinekasinon är nästan lika gamla som internet. Internet skapades först när vi använde det 1991, och mikrospel, en av de största leverantörerna av onlinespel, lanserade en sida som heter spelklubben 1994. Sedan dess har grafiken såklart utvecklats enormt, och spelen är snygga, professionella och inget som liknar dessa ursprungliga klumpiga versioner. Med tillkomsten av virtuell verklighet och förstärkt verklighet kan vi förvänta oss att se ännu mer utveckling och detta kan i sin tur leda till att onlinekasinon blir ännu mer populära.
4. Massor av spelautomater
Tankemaskiner eller den enarmade banditen som de fick smeknamnet långt tillbaka på den tiden då du drog i en enda spak spelas nu nästan uteslutande online. Över 90 % av spelautomatspelet sker på Internet. Du kommer naturligtvis att hitta maskiner utspridda här och där men online är där det händer.
5. Kasinon sover aldrig
Grejen med onlinekasinon är att de inte kräver verklig personal. De flesta av spelen är automatiserade och kräver ingen croupier. Så, när som helst, uppskattas det att för var tionde användare som ansluter till Internet är en av dem hasardspel.
6. Slots – igen!
Inte bara spelas slots nästan uteslutande online nuförtiden, utan de är också det mest populära spelet. Kanske är reglerna för bordsspel som roulette och craps för svåra att få kläm på eller så kanske folk bara gillar det tanklösa nöjet efter en lång dag på kontoret. Men oavsett orsaken är slots de överlägset mest populära spelen att spela.
7. Endast online
I vissa länder kan du bara spela när du använder internet. Det finns inga kasinon, och du får inte bli ertappad när du spelar personligen, eller så kan du bli arresterad och bötfälld. Monaco är denna plats. Ironiskt nog är Monaco större än livet i kasinohistorien, men de har ändrat sig, och nuförtiden kan du bara göra det online.
8. Starkt begränsad
New Jersey är en intressant plats när det kommer till spel; det var förbjudet där tills helt nyligen. Nu även om det är lagligt, finns det massiva begränsningar för vilka spel som kan och inte kan spelas både i tegelstenar och onlinekasinon.
9. Galna pengar
Stora pengar är möjliga, 2015 satsade en spelare som satt hemma i sitt vardagsrum i Cardiff 25p på spelautomaterna och vann £13,2 miljoner vilket är det nuvarande världsrekordet för spelautomatvinster. Den största kasinovinsten var för en spelare som hade gått med i kasinot för första gången och tillbringade bara 30 minuter på att spela spel innan han kammade hem hela 17,8 miljoner euro. Mer här maria casino logga in på vår webbplats
10. Men vänta
Okej innan ni alla rusar till er dator för att försöka kamma hem några enorma priser ett sista faktum och en varning. I Italien satsade en kund £18 och hans vinst var £650 000,men ägarna till kasinot vägrade att betala eftersom de sa att det var ett tekniskt fel. Han tog dem till domstol, men det finstilta sa att datorfelet inte skulle vara lika med några vinster och han förlorade.